E-Bike Guide: What Is an Electric Bike, Types, and More

Ready to explore more of the outdoors or your city riding an electric bike? Whether you're seeking a convenient mode of transportation, an eco-friendly alternative to cars, or an assist while you pedal through those remote trails, e-bikes are for you!

In this guide, you'll learn everything you need to know about electric bikes. We'll explore everything you should know to help you find the perfect e-bike for your needs!

Electric bikes (also known as e-bikes) are a revolutionary form of transportation that combines the familiar design of a traditional bicycle with the power and convenience of a battery and motor.

• They come in various styles: catering to different preferences and purposes like mountain bikes, folding bikes, cruisers, and more.
• They offer a versatile solution for both exercise and commuting needs. Some e-bikes even feature a throttle button, which allows you to propel forward without pedaling.
• They incorporate a torque sensor that measures your pedaling effort and adjusts the motor's output accordingly. This means you can still utilize the e-bike as a regular bicycle, too.

E-bikes operate through the seamless integration of a motor, battery, and drive train system. While they offer the convenience and power of an electric motor, their handling is akin to that of a traditional road bike.

Electric bikes contain three essential elements: the motor, battery, and drivetrain.

• Motor: The motor can be positioned at the front, rear, or mid-drive of the bike - each offering its own unique advantages. Some e-bikes activate the motor only when the rider starts pedaling, while others offer electric-only operation without the need for pedaling.
• Battery: The battery provides the necessary energy to power the motor and typically offers a range of 20-60 miles before requiring a recharge. To recharge the battery, plug it into a standard outlet. Charging times range from 2-8 hours.
• Drive Train: The drive train of the e-bike helps to transmit power and torque from the motor to the wheels, ensuring a smooth and efficient ride. Motors send power through the drive train, which makes it easier to pedal and shift gears

E-bikes contain complex components. Knowing how they operate and affect the feel of your ride can help you make the best buying decisions.

• Electric Bike Motors: Motors provide pedaling power to increase your performance. They come in three types: front hub motors, rear hub motors, and mid-drive motors.
• Electric Bike Frames: E-bike frames serve as the primary component of an electric bike. They're mostly made from carbon fiber or aluminum.
• E-bike Pedal Assist Levels: Pedal assist is battery-powered and uses a motor to make pedaling easier. This is especially useful when pedaling uphill.

Front Hub Motors: Front hub motors excel in rainy, snowy, or sandy terrains.

• Front hub motors are easy to install and remove - allowing you to change a flat with ease. They pull the bike forward, which may not be preferred by all riders.
• They provide an all-wheel-drive-like system. This distributes power to both the front and rear wheels for improved traction.
• Front hub motors do excel in certain conditions, but may not be the ideal choice for steep inclines. Choose a rear hub motor or mid-drive motor instead.

Rear Hub Motors: Rear hub motors are mounted on the hub of the rear wheel and propel it forward.

• This placement provides a natural feel to the ride, making it a preferred option for beginners or those transitioning from traditional bicycles.
• Rear hub motors offer a wide range of power options - allowing riders to choose their desired level of assistance. However, they can also be difficult to remove.
• They tend to add extra weight to the rear of the bike, which can impact handling and maneuverability.

Mid-Drive Motors: Mid-drive motors offer a more balanced, even riding sensation. By driving the crank directly, they leverage the bike's gears to deliver power to the wheels.

• This design provides excellent torque and allows for efficient power transfer, making mid-drive motors well-suited for steep inclines.
• Wheels are easy to remove since they are not directly connected to the mid-drive motor. This placement also features a cleaner look.
• Mid-drive motors put additional strain on the drivetrain components (like the chain and cassette). This may result in more frequent wear and potential replacement.

E-bikes come with a variety of frame materials - including aluminum, carbon fiber, and steel.

• Aluminum frames are widely used in the e-bike industry due to their lightweight nature, which helps to offset the overall weight of the bike (making it easier to handle and maneuver).
• This nimbleness is particularly desirable for riders who prefer a lighter and more responsive ride.
• While carbon fiber and steel frames are also gaining popularity, aluminum remains a popular choice for its combination of strength, durability, and weight efficiency in the construction of e-bike frames.

E-bikes typically offer 3-5 levels of pedal assist, allowing riders to choose the amount of assistance they desire.

• For longer rides or to conserve battery, levels 2-3 are often recommended. This provides a balanced level of support while still requiring some pedaling effort.
• When facing uphill climbs or challenging terrain, riders can engage the highest level of pedal assist to make ascending easier and more efficient.
• The rider’s weight also affects the level of pedal assistance you’ll need. For example, lighter riders may find lower levels of assistance sufficient to tackle uphill sections, while heavier riders may need a higher level of pedal assist.

E-bikes often come equipped with a range of convenient and safety-enhancing features.

• Many e-bikes include built-in features such as integrated locks and lights, which provide added security and visibility while riding.
• Some e-bikes offer advanced connectivity options, seamlessly integrating with iPhones, Riders gain access to additional functionality and control.

Racks are a common feature found on many cargo e-bikes (or specifically designed to accommodate the transportation of various items and loads).

• These racks provide a convenient and secure platform for carrying luggage, groceries, packages, and other belongings during your e-bike journeys.
• Whether you're commuting to work, running errands, or embarking on a long-distance adventure, having a reliable rack on your e-bike gives you the flexibility to transport your items - making your rides more practical and efficient.

You'll need to do a little bit of research before you shop for your first e-bike. After you choose which e-bike class you want to buy, review the following:

• Consider the Motor Placement: E-bike motors fall under two main placements: the bottom bracket (called mid-drive) or the front/rear hub (called hub-drive). Mid-drive motors have a balanced feel since the weight is in the center of the bike. Hub-drive motors offer more challenges when you get a flat tire.
• Internal vs External Batteries: Batteries are either external or internal and removable or non-removable. An internal battery makes the frame look sleek and clean and also allows you to attach a water bottle to the bike while external ones are easier to remove.
• Evaluate the Motor: The motor determines the power and torque on your e-bike. Higher wattage provides more power. Torque assists in climbing hills effortlessly. Most e-bikes range from 250-750 watts. However, using pedal assist a lot usually drains the battery faster.
• Decide On Features: Your e-bike may include lights and locks. The handlebar-mounted controller powers the bike on and off, enables pedal assist selection, and displays speed, battery life, and mileage.

E-bikes are categorized by classes, each containing specific features:

Class 1 e-bike motors activate when you start pedaling. These e-bikes also have numerous features to consider:

• Assisted speeds of up to 20 mph
• Typically have the least restrictions compared to other classes
• Ride on city sidewalks, parks, and similar areas without facing many limitations
• Perfect for beginners and are often the most affordable option

Class 2 e-bikes feature a throttle-powered mode that allows you to move without pedaling. Class 2 e-bikes have the following features:

• Assisted speeds of up to 20 mph (similar to Class 1 e-bikes)
• Great for commuters, older cyclists, or those running a few quick errands
• Available at mid-price points

Class 3 e-bikes are designed for performance and speed. The motor activates when you start pedaling and can assist you in reaching speeds of up to 28 mph. Their benefits include:

• Fastest among e-bikes - making them a popular choice for commuters.
• Excel at handling hills and challenging terrains
• Usually the most expensive type of e-bike due to their advanced features and capabilities

You can ride your e-bike in light rain, but exercise caution and wait indoors during heavy rain or storms. Extremely cold temperatures can pose a risk to the battery, but you can still pedal without any issues.

Similar to regular bikes, you will need to perform routine maintenance on your electric bike. You can wash your bike but try to avoid spraying water directly on the battery.

Depending on the style, e-bikes can weigh between 30-80 lbs. Electric bikes have varying weights: with the mechanical components adding around 10-20 more pounds to the bike.

You don’t need a special license or registration; however, you should look at local regulations as some parks don’t allow class 3 e-bikes.

Ready to experience the thrill and convenience of electric bikes? Whether you're looking for a greener mode of transportation, want to conquer challenging terrains with ease, or simply want to enjoy the exhilaration of faster speeds, electric bikes are the way to go! Academy carries a wide range of electric bikes so you can soar up hills and ride in style.